To the age of six, Paul enjoyed a privileged upbringing, attended by nursemaids and servants. Gauguin's mother was welcomed by her paternal granduncle, whose son-in-law, José Rufino Echenique, would shortly assume the presidency of Peru. He died of a heart attack en route, and Aline arrived in Peru as a widow with the 18-month-old Paul and his 2 1⁄ 2 year-old sister, Marie. In 1850, Clovis Gauguin departed for Peru with his wife Aline and young children in hopes of continuing his journalistic career under the auspices of his wife's South American relations.
Her grandson Paul "idolized his grandmother, and kept copies of her books with him to the end of his life". Placed under surveillance by French police and suffering from overwork, she died in 1844. An active supporter of early socialist societies, Gauguin's maternal grandmother helped to lay the foundations for the 1848 revolutionary movements. This never materialized but she successfully published a popular travelogue of her experiences in Peru which launched her literary career in 1838. She sailed to Peru in hopes of enlarging her share of the Tristan Moscoso family fortune. When Flora's marriage with André failed, she petitioned for and obtained a small monetary settlement from her father's Peruvian relatives. Nonetheless, Don Mariano's unexpected death plunged his mistress and daughter Flora into poverty. Members of the wealthy Tristan Moscoso family held powerful positions in Peru. Details of Thérèse's family background are not known Don Mariano came from an aristocratic Spanish family from the Peruvian city of Arequipa. Paul Gauguin's maternal grandmother, Flora Tristan, was the illegitimate daughter of Thérèse Laisnay and Don Mariano de Tristan Moscoso. Their union ended when André assaulted his wife Flora and was sentenced to prison for attempted murder. Gauguin's mother was the 22-year-old daughter of André Chazal, an engraver, and Flora Tristan, an author and activist in early socialist movements. His father, a 34-year-old liberal journalist, from a family of entrepreneurs in Orléans was compelled to flee France when the newspaper for which he wrote was suppressed by French authorities. His birth coincided with revolutionary upheavals throughout Europe that year. Gauguin was born in Paris to Clovis Gauguin and Aline Chazal on 7 June 1848. Gauguin's maternal grandmother, Flora Tristan (1803–1844) in 1838 He was also an influential proponent of wood engraving and woodcuts as art forms. His expression of the inherent meaning of the subjects in his paintings, under the influence of the cloisonnist style, paved the way for Primitivism and the return to the pastoral. Gauguin was an important figure in the Symbolist movement as a painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramist, and writer. Gauguin's art became popular after his death, partially from the efforts of dealer Ambroise Vollard, who organized exhibitions of his work late in his career and assisted in organizing two important posthumous exhibitions in Paris. His work was influential on the French avant-garde and many modern artists, such as Pablo Picasso and Henri Matisse, and he is well known for his relationship with Vincent and Theo van Gogh. The paintings from this time depict people or landscapes from that region. Toward the end of his life, he spent ten years in French Polynesia.
Unappreciated until after his death, Gauguin is now recognized for his experimental use of color and Synthetist style that were distinct from Impressionism. Eugène Henri Paul Gauguin ( UK: / ˈ ɡ oʊ ɡ æ̃/, US: / ɡ oʊ ˈ ɡ æ̃/ French: 7 June 1848 – ) was a French Post-Impressionist artist.
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